Debian Linux and LSI MegaRAID SAS

2021-09-02

Debian Linux Hardware

This HowTo show how to check the health of Hard Disks connected to a LSI Logic/Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 2108 RAID controller under linux. But is very useful for another hw raid controllers.

We look for its presence in the system:

~] lspci | grep RAID
01:00.0 RAID bus controller: Broadcom / LSI MegaRAID SAS 2108 [Liberator] (rev 03)

Bingo!, we can work with this one.

Install linux utilities

LSI provide megacli, a proprietary management command line utility. Debian repository containing all packages to install proprietary and opensource tools for you any HW RAID card can be found here .

My linux system is debian now. Add repository to /etc/apt/sources.list file in this format:

deb http://hwraid.le-vert.net/distrib branch main

distrib - can be either debian or ubuntu.
branch - can be squeeze, wheezy, jessie, stretch, buster or bullseye for debian, or precise, trusty, vivid, wily and xenial etc for ubuntu.

For my server it is:

deb http://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian bullseye main

Edit your /etc/apt/sources.list and add repository to last line:

/etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian bullseye main

Packages are now signed, please run the following command after adding the repository to sources.list:

wget -O - https://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian/hwraid.le-vert.net.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -

Make apt-update and install MegaCli utility and megaclisas-status script wrapper.

~] apt-get update
~] apt-get install megacli
~] apt-get install megaclisas-status

megacli

megacli is a proprietary tool by LSI which can perform both reporting and management for MegaRAID SAS cards. However it's really hard to use because it's use tones of command line parameters and there's no documentation.

Many of the commands of MegaCli make use of the following parameters:

-aN: Specifies the adapter. Use -a0 for the first adapter, -a1 for the second, or -aALL for all adapters.
-PhysDrv [E:S]: Specifies a physical drive. E is the enclosure ID, as returned by MegaCli -EncInfo -aALL. If more than one drive has to be specified, the drives are written in the form [E:S, E:S, ...].
-Lx: Specifies a virtual drive (aka RAID array) (where x is a number starting with zero or the string all).

Battery status

root@monitoring:~# megacli -AdpBbuCmd -aALL
                                     
BBU status for Adapter: 0

BatteryType: iBBU
Voltage: 3958 mV
Current: 0 mA
Temperature: 29 C
Battery State: Degraded(Need Attention) 
                A manual learn is required.
BBU Firmware Status:

  Charging Status              : None
  Voltage                                 : OK
  Temperature                             : OK
  Learn Cycle Requested                   : Yes
  Learn Cycle Active                      : No
  Learn Cycle Status                      : OK
  Learn Cycle Timeout                     : No
  I2c Errors Detected                     : No
  Battery Pack Missing                    : No
  Battery Replacement required            : Yes
  Remaining Capacity Low                  : No
  Periodic Learn Required                 : No
  Transparent Learn                       : No
  No space to cache offload               : No
  Pack is about to fail & should be replaced : No
  Cache Offload premium feature required  : No
  Module microcode update required        : No


GasGuageStatus:
  Fully Discharged        : No
  Fully Charged           : Yes
  Discharging             : Yes
  Initialized             : Yes
  Remaining Time Alarm    : No
  Discharge Terminated    : No
  Over Temperature        : No
  Charging Terminated     : No
  Over Charged            : No
  Relative State of Charge: 96 %
  Charger System State: 49168
  Charger System Ctrl: 0
  Charging current: 0 mA
  Absolute state of charge: 5125 %
  Max Error: 100 %
  Battery backup charge time : 48 hours +

BBU Capacity Info for Adapter: 0

  Relative State of Charge: 96 %
  Absolute State of charge: 5125 %
  Remaining Capacity: 62267 mAh
  Full Charge Capacity: 64754 mAh
  Run time to empty: Battery is not being charged.  
  Average time to empty: Battery is not being charged.  
  Estimated Time to full recharge: Battery is not being charged.  
  Cycle Count: 4158
Max Error = 100 %
Remaining Capacity Alarm = 120 mAh
Remining Time Alarm = 10 Min

BBU Design Info for Adapter: 0

  Date of Manufacture: 04/15, 2010
  Design Capacity: 1215 mAh
  Design Voltage: 3700 mV
  Specification Info: 33
  Serial Number: 11756
  Pack Stat Configuration: 0x6480
  Manufacture Name: LS1121001A
  Firmware Version   : 
  Device Name: 3150301
  Device Chemistry: LION
  Battery FRU: N/A
  Transparent Learn = 0
  App Data = 0

BBU Properties for Adapter: 0

  Auto Learn Period: 30 Days
  Next Learn time: Thu Jun 15 18:57:30 2023
  Learn Delay Interval:0 Hours
  Auto-Learn Mode: Enabled

Exit Code: 0x00

Array status

To check the whole array status we can run

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root@monitoring:~# megacli -LDInfo -L0 -a0
                                     

Adapter 0 -- Virtual Drive Information:
Virtual Drive: 0 (Target Id: 0)
Name                :
RAID Level          : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0
Size                : 135.972 GB
Sector Size         : 512
Mirror Data         : 135.972 GB
State               : Optimal
Strip Size          : 128 KB
Number Of Drives    : 3
Span Depth          : 1
Default Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU
Current Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAheadNone, Direct, No Write Cache if Bad BBU
Default Access Policy: Read/Write
Current Access Policy: Read/Write
Disk Cache Policy   : Disabled
Encryption Type     : None
Is VD Cached: No



Exit Code: 0x00

Replacing Disks

Automatic array rebuild with a new disk

1. Disks status before one disk is failure:

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root@monitoring:~# megacli -PDList -a0
Adapter #0

Enclosure Device ID: 252
Slot Number: 0
Enclosure position: N/A
Device Id: 13
WWN: 5000C50023595FFC
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 1
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 54338
PD Type: SAS
Hotspare Information: 
Type: Global, is revertible

Raw Size: 136.731 GB [0x11176d60 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 136.231 GB [0x11076d60 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 135.972 GB [0x10ff2000 Sectors]
Sector Size:  0
Firmware state: Hotspare, Spun Up
Device Firmware Level: B62C
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50023595ffd
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 2(path0) 
Inquiry Data: IBM-ESXSST9146852SS     B62C3TB19TDM0324B62C    
IBM FRU/CRU: 42D0668     
FDE Capable: Not Capable
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :32C (89.60 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : Yes



Enclosure Device ID: 252
Slot Number: 1
Drive's position: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 0
Enclosure position: N/A
Device Id: 10
WWN: 5000C500235A1D08
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 136.731 GB [0x11176d60 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 136.231 GB [0x11076d60 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 135.972 GB [0x10ff2000 Sectors]
Sector Size:  0
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Commissioned Spare : No
Emergency Spare : No
Device Firmware Level: B62C
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500235a1d09
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 1(path0) 
Inquiry Data: IBM-ESXSST9146852SS     B62C3TB1H60G0324B62C    
IBM FRU/CRU: 42D0668     
FDE Capable: Not Capable
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :35C (95.00 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No



Enclosure Device ID: 252
Slot Number: 2
Drive's position: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 1
Enclosure position: N/A
Device Id: 9
WWN: 5000C500235A08D8
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 136.731 GB [0x11176d60 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 136.231 GB [0x11076d60 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 135.972 GB [0x10ff2000 Sectors]
Sector Size:  0
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Commissioned Spare : No
Emergency Spare : No
Device Firmware Level: B62C
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500235a08d9
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 0(path0) 
Inquiry Data: IBM-ESXSST9146852SS     B62C3TB1H5J50324B62C    
IBM FRU/CRU: 42D0668     
FDE Capable: Not Capable
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :31C (87.80 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No

Disks status before one disk failure:

disk number	Enclosure Device ID	Slot Number	Firmware state
disk1	252	0	Hotspare, Spun Up
disk2	252	1	Online, Spun Up
disk3	252	2	Online, Spun Up

2. Identify a raid array is degradeted

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~] megacli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
megacli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
                                     
Adapter #0

==============================================================================
                    Versions
                ================
Product Name    : ServeRAID M5014 SAS/SATA Controller
Serial No       : SV01506370
FW Package Build: 12.15.0-0199

                    Mfg. Data
                ================
Mfg. Date       : 04/10/10
Rework Date     : 00/00/00
Revision No     : 
Battery FRU     : N/A

                Image Versions in Flash:
                ================
FW Version         : 2.130.403-3588
BIOS Version       : 3.30.02.2_4.16.08.00_0x06060A05
Preboot CLI Version: 04.04-020:#%00009
WebBIOS Version    : 6.0-53-e_49-Rel
NVDATA Version     : 2.09.03-0051
Boot Block Version : 2.02.00.00-0000
BOOT Version       : 09.250.01.219
[...]
[...]
[...]
                Device Present
                ================
Virtual Drives    : 1 
  Degraded        : 0 
  Offline         : 0 
Physical Devices  : 4 
  Disks           : 3 
  Critical Disks  : 2 
  Failed Disks    : 1 
[...]

I have a raid array from 3 disk (one hot spare) and one disk is Failed...

3. Find a failured disk

Normally when a disk fails, and the controller detects it, it gets marked as a bad disks: Firmware status: Failed or Firmware state: Unconfigured(bad). It needs to be replaced, and if it is a brand new disk, as soon as it gets replaced, the controller will start to rebuild the RAID.

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root@monitoring:~# megacli -PDList -a0
                                     
Adapter #0

Enclosure Device ID: 252
Slot Number: 0
Drive's position: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 0
Enclosure position: N/A
Device Id: 13
WWN: 5000C50023595FFC
Sequence Number: 4
Media Error Count: 1
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 190
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 63621
PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 136.731 GB [0x11176d60 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 136.231 GB [0x11076d60 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 135.972 GB [0x10ff2000 Sectors]
Sector Size:  0
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Commissioned Spare : No
Emergency Spare : No
Device Firmware Level: B62C
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c50023595ffd
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 2(path0) 
Inquiry Data: IBM-ESXSST9146852SS     B62C3TB19TDM0324B62C    
IBM FRU/CRU: 42D0668     
FDE Capable: Not Capable
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :37C (98.60 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : Yes



Enclosure Device ID: 252
Slot Number: 1
Enclosure position: N/A
Device Id: 10
WWN: 5000C500235A1D08
Sequence Number: 4
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 40
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 63620
PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 136.731 GB [0x11176d60 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 136.231 GB [0x11076d60 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 135.972 GB [0x10ff2000 Sectors]
Sector Size:  0
Firmware state: Unconfigured(bad)
Device Firmware Level: B62C
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500235a1d09
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 1(path0) 
Inquiry Data: IBM-ESXSST9146852SS     B62C3TB1H60G0324B62C    
IBM FRU/CRU: 42D0668     
FDE Capable: Not Capable
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :39C (102.20 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : Yes



Enclosure Device ID: 252
Slot Number: 2
Drive's position: DiskGroup: 0, Span: 0, Arm: 1
Enclosure position: N/A
Device Id: 9
WWN: 5000C500235A08D8
Sequence Number: 2
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
Predictive Failure Count: 0
Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0
PD Type: SAS

Raw Size: 136.731 GB [0x11176d60 Sectors]
Non Coerced Size: 136.231 GB [0x11076d60 Sectors]
Coerced Size: 135.972 GB [0x10ff2000 Sectors]
Sector Size:  0
Firmware state: Online, Spun Up
Commissioned Spare : No
Emergency Spare : No
Device Firmware Level: B62C
Shield Counter: 0
Successful diagnostics completion on :  N/A
SAS Address(0): 0x5000c500235a08d9
SAS Address(1): 0x0
Connected Port Number: 0(path0) 
Inquiry Data: IBM-ESXSST9146852SS     B62C3TB1H5J50324B62C    
IBM FRU/CRU: 42D0668     
FDE Capable: Not Capable
FDE Enable: Disable
Secured: Unsecured
Locked: Unlocked
Needs EKM Attention: No
Foreign State: None 
Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s 
Media Type: Hard Disk Device
Drive:  Not Certified
Drive Temperature :36C (96.80 F)
PI Eligibility:  No 
Drive is formatted for PI information:  No
PI: No PI
Port-0 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Port-1 :
Port status: Active
Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s 
Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No

Disks status after one disk failure:

disk number	Enclosure Device ID	Slot Number	Firmware state
disk1	252	0	Online, Spun Up
disk2	252	1	Unconfigured(bad)
disk3	252	2	Online, Spun Up

Disks status before one disk failure:

disk number	Enclosure Device ID	Slot Number	Firmware state
disk1	252	0	Hotspare, Spun Up
disk2	252	1	Online, Spun Up
disk3	252	2	Online, Spun Up

4. Check automatic rebuild process:

We can identify the disk that failed (look for the one that has Firmware status: Failed) and by looking at its Enclosure devide ID and Slot Number we can form the following command to check the % on the RAID rebuild:

root@monitoring:~# megacli -PDRbld -ShowProg -PhysDrv [252:0] -aALL
                                     
Device(Encl-252 Slot-0) is not in rebuild process

Exit Code: 0x00

Hotspare disk is Online, Spun up now and rebuild process is finished. You can replace disk2 now :-)

megaclisas-status

megaclisas-status is a wrapper script around megacli that report summarized RAID status with periodic checks feature. It is available in the packages repository too.

The packages comes with a python wrapper around megacli and an initscript that periodic run this wrapper to check status. It keeps a file with latest status and thus is able to detect RAID status changes and/or brokeness. It will log a line to syslog when something failed and will send you a mail. Until arrays are healthy again a reminder will be sent each 2 hours.

megaclisas-status output examples

Wrapper output example

~] megaclisas-status
-- Controller information --
-- ID | H/W Model                           | RAM    | Temp | BBU    | Firmware     
c0    | ServeRAID M5014 SAS/SATA Controller | 256MB  | N/A  | REPL   | FW: 12.15.0-0199 

-- Array information --
-- ID | Type   |    Size |  Strpsz | Flags | DskCache |   Status |  OS Path | CacheCade |InProgress   
c0u0  | RAID-1 |    136G |  128 KB | RA,WT | Disabled |  Optimal | /dev/sda | None      |None         

-- Disk information --
-- ID   | Type | Drive Model                              | Size     | Status          | Speed    | Temp | Slot ID  | LSI ID  
c0u0p0  | HDD  | IBM-ESXSST9146852SS B62C3TB1H60G0324B62C | 135.9 Gb | Online, Spun Up | 6.0Gb/s  | 35C  | [252:1]  | 10      
c0u0p1  | HDD  | IBM-ESXSST9146852SS B62C3TB1H5J50324B62C | 135.9 Gb | Online, Spun Up | 6.0Gb/s  | 32C  | [252:2]  | 9       

-- Unconfigured Disk information --
-- ID   | Type | Drive Model                              | Size     | Status              | Speed    | Temp | Slot ID  | LSI ID | Path    
c0uXpY  | HDD  | IBM-ESXSST9146852SS B62C3TB19TDM0324B62C | 135.9 Gb | Hotspare, Spun Up   | 6.0Gb/s  | 33C  | [252:0]  | 13     | N/A

icinga2 integration

The script can be called with --nagios parameter. It will force a single line output and will return exit code 0 if all good, or 2 if at least one thing is wrong. It's the standard nagios expected return code.

~] megaclisas-status --nagios
RAID OK - Arrays: OK:1 Bad:0 - Disks: OK:3 Bad:0
~] echo $?
0

create symlink to megaclisas-status

# find full path to megaclisas-status script
~] which megaclisas-status
/usr/sbin/megaclisas-status

# go to nagios plugins directory
~] cd /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/

# create symlink with name check_megaclisas_status
~] ln -s /usr/sbin/megaclisas-status check_megaclisas_status

run megaclisas-status as root

megaclisas-status must root privileges to run command. So, go to /etc/sudoers.d/ directory and create file monitoring with this contain:

/etc/sudoers.d/monitoring

Cmnd_Alias     CMD_MONITORING = /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_megaclisas_status, /usr/sbin/megaclisas-status

nagios         ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: CMD_MONITORING

Check that it works:

~] su - nagios
~] sudo /usr/sbin/megaclisas-status --nagios
RAID OK - Arrays: OK:1 Bad:0 - Disks: OK:3 Bad:0
~] sudo /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_megaclisas_status --nagios
RAID OK - Arrays: OK:1 Bad:0 - Disks: OK:3 Bad:0

create icinga2 check command definition

Create megaclisas_status.conf file in your icinga2 config directory with this content:

megaclisas_status.conf

object CheckCommand "megaclisas_status" {
    command = [ "sudo", "/usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_megaclisas_status" ]

        arguments = {
                "--nagios" = {
                        required = true
                }
        }
}

create service config and add service to server

Go to icinga2 config dir, create file with service definiton and add service to server

megaraid.conf

object Service "megaraid" {

  host_name = "monitoring.secar.cz"
  check_command = "megaclisas_status"

  check_interval = 1m
  retry_interval = 30s
  max_check_attempts = 5
}

host_name = "monitoring.secar.cz" - monitoring.secar.cz is hostname where we add this service

restart icinga2 service

Check icinga2 configuration files integrity and reload config

~] icinga2 daemon -C
~] /etc/init.d/icinga2 restart

Sources:

https://hwraid.le-vert.net/wiki/LSIMegaRAIDSAS
https://tipstricks.itmatrix.eu/checking-the-health-of-lsi-logic-symbios-logic-megaraid-sas-2108-raid-controller/
https://hwraid.le-vert.net/wiki/DebianPackages
https://hwraid.le-vert.net/debian/